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Pharmacology- Opioid Analgesics Classification of Opioids - correct answer 1. Structure: Natural and semisynthetic group (Morphine etc); Mepiridine group (Fentanyl); Methadone group 2. Maximum clinical efficacy -Strong: Morphine, hydromorphone, methadone, mepiridine, fentanyl, analogs -Moderat...

Pharmacology: Opioid AnalgesicsWhat drug was the first to be created by a natural compound? - correct answer Morphine, 1805 by Friedrich Serturner What about opium poppy? - correct answer Opium is obtained from the opium poppy by scraping the unripe seed capsule What is the Controlled Substanc...

Pharmacology: Opioid Agonist & Antagonists 1. What is an Opiate? 2. Example? - correct answer 1. alkaloids derived from opium 2. morphine & codeine What is an Opioid? - correct answer naturally occurring & synthetic compounds which act as agonists or antagonists at opioid receptors Narcotic...

Pharmacology of OpioidsDescribe the mechanism of action of opioid drugs - correct answer *MOA* -They bind to opioid receptors in the CNS (*Ussage, 2*)--> inhibiting ascending pain pathways and producing generalized CNS depression (*Cerebral towel, 18*) Onset of action is patient dependent. Th...

Pharmacology of opioids, beneficial uses of opioids, opioids: causes for concern, Research studies and PilotsRaw opium is about 10 percent morphine by weight and a smaller amount of codeine - correct answer With added acetyl groups heroin can pass through the blood-brain barrier faster, making heroi...

Pharmacology of Opioid Drugs Why do you use opioid agonists? - correct answer symptomatic treatment of cough, diarrhea, and moderate to severe pain What are the natural occurring opioids from the opium poppy plant? - correct answer Morphine codeine What's the gold standard for treatment wit...

Pharmacology: Non-opioid Analgesics Explain the definition of the term pain. - correct answer Pain is a diagnostic symptom of an underlying pathologic condition What are some factors that can lower pain threshold? - correct answer Anxiety, sleeplessness, tiredness, anger, fear, fright, depressio...

Pharmacology: Nonopiod and Opioid AnalgesicsAcute pain - correct answer Suddenly and responds to treatment Mild: scheduled nonopioid (acetaminophen, NSAIDS q6h) Moderate: scheduled combination of nonopioid and opioid (oxycodone 5mg and acetaminophen 325mg q4h) Severe: scheduled potent opioid (mor...

Pharmacology Module 2 Exam (Opioids)What is the antidote to Opioids? - correct answer Naloxone Drug specific info: vasodilator, lower BP in coronary arteries, helps during a heart attack or myocardial infarction. - correct answer Morphine Drug specific info: Anti-tussive PO - correct answer Co...

Pharmacology III: Pain (Non Opioid and Opioid Analgesics) CHAPTER 26What is pain also known as? - correct answer The 5th vital sign What is the gate control theory of pain? - correct answer non-painful input closes the "gates" to painful input, which prevents pain sensation from traveling to th...

Pharmacology IIComponents of the central nervous system include: - correct answer The brain and spinal cord A drug that best demonstrates a class's common properties is called a: - correct answer Prototype The drug that best demonstrates the common properties of opioid agonists and illustrate...

Pharmacology Exam 2 Chapter 6 Which opioid is commonly used as an antitussive? a. Propoxyphene b. Codeine c. Pentazocine d. Diphenoxylate - correct answer Codeine Tolerance occurs to the following effects of the opioids except which one? a. Histamine release b. Nausea c. Analgesia d....

Pharmacology Exam 2 (study)A patient is recovering from abdominal surgery, which he had this morning. He is groggy but complaining of severe pain around his incision. What is the most important assessment data to consider before the nurse administers a dose of morphine sulfate to the patient? a. H...

Pharmacology Exam 1- NSAIDs, Antipyretics, and Opioids Which of the following are considered NSAID's? A. Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) B. Acetaminophen C. Ibuprofen D. Ketorolac (Toradol) E. Indomethacin (Indocin) - correct answer A, C, D, & E T/F Ibuprofen is an NSAID and an Antipyretic ...

Pharmacology Exam 1 - Multiple Choice 1. The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is known as A. pharmacotherapeutics B. pharmacodynamics C. pharmacokinetics D. pharmacy E. posology - correct answer C 2. The medical situation when a particular drug should not b...

Pharmacology- Chapter 26: Narcotics, Narcotic Antagonists, and Antimigraine AgentsThe nurse administers hydromorphone IV to the postoperative client as prescribed. How should the nurse best evaluate the client's response to the medication? - correct answer Use a pain assessment tool before and 30 m...

Pharmacology Chapter 25 The _____ Theory proposes tissue injury activates _____ and causes the release of chemical mediators - correct answer Gate Nociceptors Opioids such as morphine activate the same receptor - correct answer Endorphins Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) control ...

Pharmacology Chapter 19 Opioid Analgesics addiction - correct answer a chronic neurobiological disease in which genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors induce changes in the individuals behavior to compulsively use drugs despite the harm that may result. agonist - correct answer drug th...

Pharmacology Chapter 19 and 20: Opioid Analgesics and Anti-inflammatory MedicationsWhat are the 2 elements that pain consists of? - correct answer 1) local irritation (peripheral nerves) 2) recognition of pain (within the CNS) Free nerve endings that are located on the skin, muscle, joints, bone...

Pharmacology chapter 10A patient with respiratory depression secondary to opioid toxicity is being treated in the emergency department. What is the nurse's priority action? - correct answer Administer naloxone What is the primary indication for the administration of morphine? - correct answer To...

Pharmacology Chapter 10- Analgesic DrugsAnalgesics - correct answer Drugs that relieve pain without losing consciousness. Ceiling effect - correct answer Occurs when a drug reaches a maximum analgesic effect. Analgesia does not improve with larger doses. Drugs with ceiling effect: NSAIDs, some o...

Pharmacology Chapter 8 What is the pain pathway order? - correct answer Transduction Transmisson Modulation Perception Sensitive to painful stimulation is called? - correct answer hyperalgesia Increased sensitivity to any sensation, not just pain? - correct answer hyperesthesia Any drug...

Pharmacology: Chapter 5 Non-opioid analgesics In dentistry, when there is throbbing pain, it is usually due to what? - correct answer typically inflammation Stabbing pain usually is where ? - correct answer on the terminal nerve endings What is the definition of pain? - correct answer a diagn...

Pharmacology Chapter #19 A patient undergoing withdrawal from an opiate agonist asks the nurse how long the withdrawal symptoms will last. Which response by the nurse is best? A: Symptoms peak in about 2 days and then disappear by the end of a week. B: Symptoms last 3 weeks, depending on the a...

Pharmacology Chap 28 Opioids What are the widely used opioids? - correct answer Morphine, fentanyl, codeine, and oxycodone. Endogenous opioid peptides consist of three families: - correct answer 1. enkephalins 2. endorphins 3. dynorphins What are the three main classes of opioid recetpros? ...

Pharmacology Ch. 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonistswhat are the major therapeutic uses of opioid drugs? - correct answer analgesics antitussives antidiarrheal what are partial opioid agonists? what is the prototype of a strong analgesic or full agonist? - correct answer -partials exert less analg...

Pharmacology Ch. 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonistswhat are the major therapeutic uses of opioid drugs? - correct answer analgesics antitussives antidiarrheal what are partial opioid agonists? what is the prototype of a strong analgesic or full agonist? - correct answer -partials exert less ana...

Pharmacology: Ch. 6 Opioid (Narcotics) Analgesics and AntagonistsWhen were morphine and codeine isolated from opium? - correct answer 1800's • Until 1920 - medications containing opium were promoted • Oral opioids became unlawful - injection abuse began and continues today Classificat...

Pharmacology Ch. 4 Review Questions Define the difference between an agonist and an opioid antagonist - correct answer Agonist: A drug that brings about a specific action by binding with the appropriate receptor. Opioid antagonist: blocks the effects of opioids by binding with opiate receptors, ...

Pharmacology ch 12 - 13General nursing interventions for opioid agonist - correct answer Get RR and O2 levels before giving first dose and monitor regularly Bed upper-side rails should be up and the call light should always be in reach Instruct and help patients get up slowly Determine the cause ...

Pharmacology Alcohol and OpioidAbstainers do not develop disruption of performances unless they achieve a BAL of 0.2% or above - correct answer False Heavy drinkers develop alcohol psychic changes at a higher BAL than moderate drinkers - correct answer true BAL associated with surgical anesthe...

Pharmacology - Opioids 3 characteristics of opioids - correct answer analgesic, anti-tussive and constipating anti-tussives covered in class - correct answer -narcotics -dextromethorphans -benzonatate (numbs cough center in throat) -diphenhydramine What type of cough should not be suppress...

Pharmacology - OpioidsPain Drug Types / Drugs to Know - correct answer Pure Opioid Agonists Morphine Prototypes: morphine, codeine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, hydromorphone Phenylpiperidines: meperidine,fentanyl Diphenylhepatanes methadone Atypical Tramadol Others: loperamide and d...

Pharmacology - Opioid analgesics/NSAIDs two major types of pain and inflammation meds - correct answer analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents two types of analgesics - correct answer opioid and non opioid two types of anti inflammatory drugs - correct answer NSAIDs and glucocorticoids t/f...

Pharmacology - Chapter 19 Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is correct? A. Opioid analgesics produce little or no respiration depression with long term use of analgesic doses B. Opioid antagonists include endorphins C. all drugs in the opioid analgesic group are controlled substances, Sche...

Pharmacology - Chapter 6 Opioids What condition can be managed or treated with opioids? - correct answer Diarrhea How does adding naloxone to pentazocine reduce the addiction potential of orally administered pentazocine? - correct answer Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that is effective parente...

Opioids The milky fluid from the poppy plant contains a number of alkaloids but the two prevalent opiates are... - correct answer morphine and codeine In addition to opiates derived from poppies, the three other types of opioids include semisynthetic opiates, fully synthetic opiate like drugs, a...

OpioidsOpioid Examples - correct answer -Heroin -Morphine -Codeine -Oxycontin -Fentanyl *Pharmacologically distinct from sedatives Opioids Biobehavioral Effects - correct answer -Pleasure, pain relief -Warming sensation -Heavy limbs/heavy eyelids -Drowsiness -In and out of consciousness ...

Opioids PharmacologyAfter incision, poppy seed pods release a white substance that turns into → - correct answer a brown gum which is crude opium. aka "sleep bringing poppy" types of pain - correct answer nociceptive pain and neuropathic pain nociceptive pain - correct answer pain from ti...

Opioid PharmacologyOpioid receptor subtypes - correct answer Mu, kappa, delta, (n=nociceptin) Mu, kappa & delta are G-i coupled GCPRs Mu is the predominant receptor Delta, kappa contribute to analgesia at *spinal level* Opioid receptor MOA - correct answer G-i coupled GCPRs - inhibition of A...

Opioid pharmacologyMorphine O/P ratio - correct answer low, give parenterally (IV) Effects of opioids on mu receptors - correct answer Inhibitory Pre-synaptically - inhibits Ca2+ channels Post-synaptically - opens K+ channels --> hyperpolarization How is fentanyl administered? - correct a...

Opioid pharmacologyHow do all opioids work in regards to GPCRs - correct answer They are coupled to Gi & Go giving inhibitory signals and hyperpolarizing neurons what is the primary indication for opioids - correct answer acute pain ex surgery, MI, trauma what is the secondary indication for...

Opioid Pharmacologywhat was the archetypal 'dangerous drug' feared by lay people and physicians? - correct answer morphine what has clinical experience, especially in the management of cancer pain, shown about morphine? - correct answer that fears are unfounded? what is the dose range of mor...

Opioid Pharmacologycorrect answer Opioid receptors generally have an inhibitory effect on neuronal activity μ - analgesia. Main target for prescription opioids. reward, emotional regulation, euphoria, resp.+ cough depression, gastroparesis, sedation δ - pain modulation, anti-depressant, neuro-...

Opioid AnalgesicsReceptors involved in transmission and modulation of pain that opioids act on are located primarily in - correct answer 1. brain 2. spinal cord 3 major classes of opioid receptors - correct answer 1. μ 2. δ 3. κ The 3 major classes of opioid receptors are linked to - cor...

Opioid Analgesics Practice Questions• Which drug is a more potent Mu antagonist than Pentazocine & has its ceiling effect has a top dose of 30 mg? - correct answer nalbuphine • Which opioid should NEVER be given intravenously (IV) because it can cause HYPOTENSION? - correct answer Codeine ...

Opioid Analgesics and Substance AbuseWhat is an opioid? - correct answer Natural or synthetic morphine-like substance used for reducing moderate to severe pain that cannot be controlled with other types of analgesics. Are opioids narcotics? - correct answer yes, they act exclusively on the CNS co...

Nursing Pharmacology Opioidsanalgesic - correct answer drugs that relieve pain without loss of consciousness breakthrough pain - correct answer episodic bursts of intense pain that "breaks through" the pain control of the medication regime ceiling effect is - correct answer a phenomenon of c...

Advanced Pharmacology Week 4 opioidsInduction dose and time action profile for Alfentanil -correct answer 8 to 100 mcg per kg Onset of immediately Peak of 1.5 to 2 minutes Duration of 12 to 18 minutes Induction dose and time action profile for Fentanyl -correct answer 5 to 10 mcg per kg Onset...

ATI Chapter 36: Opioid Agonists and Antagonists Opioid Analgesics - correct answer are medications used to treat moderate to severe pain. Most opioid analgesics reduce pain by attaching to a receptor in the CNS, altering perception and response to pain. Complications Associated with Chronic ...

ATI Pharmacology - Opioid Agents Opioid Agonist 5 - correct answer 1. Morphine sulfate 2. Fentanyl 3. Meperidine 4. Methadone 5. Codeine Opioid Side Effects - correct answer 1.Respiratory Depression 2.Constipation 3.Orthostatic Hypotension 4.Urinary Retention 5.Cough suppression 6.Se...

ATI pharmacology chapter 31 opioid agonists and antagonistOpioid Analgesics - correct answer synthetic drugs that bind to opiate receptors to relieve pain What schedule is opioids under - correct answer II , under the controlled substance act Opioid agonists medications - correct answer - Morp...

Chapter 6 Opioids (Dental Pharmacology) Narcotics - correct answer Is derived from the Greek word that means "stupor" Opiates - correct answer Refers to drugs derived from substances in the opioid poppy Opioids - correct answer Include former opiates but also other structurally different ag...

Chapter 10 Pharmacology: Analgesic Drugsacute pain - correct answer pain that sudden in onset, usually subsides when treated, and typically occurs over less than a 6-week period addiction - correct answer a chronic, neurobiologic disease whose development is influenced by genetic, psychosocial, a...

CHAPTER 15 OPIOIDS PHARMACOLOGY Valium (Diazepam) - correct answer Used for Anxiety- Do not mix with alcohol -drowsiness, slogisness, dizzy, nausea, impair driving tolearnce - correct answer the body physical adaptation to a drug Opioids analgesics - correct answer opioids are natural substa...

Chapter 19 Pain (Pharmacology NCLEX questions) A patient undergoing withdrawal from an opiate agonist asks the nurse how long the withdrawal symptoms will last. Which response by the nurse is best? A It is impossible to say because there is so much individual variation. B Symptoms can last for as...

Chapter 19 Pharmacology amitriptyline (Elavil) - correct answer (D) Tricyclic antidepressant (adjuvant) Vicodin (hydrocodone) - correct answer (E) Opioid analgesic with acetaminophen Imitrex (sumatriptan succinate) - correct answer (K) Anti-migraine methadone (Dolophine): - correct answer ...

Chapter 26: Narcotics, Narcotic Antagonists, and Antimigraine Agents Which conditions would occur due to the administration of an opioid antagonist in a client who is physically dependent on opioids? a. insomnia b. hypotension c. withdrawal symptoms d. drowsiness - Correct answer c. withdrawa...

Chapter 35: Nonopioid Analgesics (ATI) Which medications are considered nonopioid analgesics? - correct answer NSAID and Acetaminophen First-generation NSAID (COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors) medications - correct answer Aspirin Ibuprofen Naproxen Indomethacin Diclofenac Ketorolac Meloxicam...

EDAPT- PAIN- CHAMBERLAIN Analgesic drugs are medications that relieve ____ but do not cause loss of consciousness. - correct answer Pain Matching - correct answer Pain threshold is level of stimulus needed to produce a sensation of pain. Pain tolerance is the amount of pain a person can endu...

HESI Pharmacology Practice TestThe nurse reviews the new prescription, phenelzine (Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), for a client with depression on the psychiatric unit. Which information is most important for the nurse to assess? A. Consumption of any alcohol or tyramine rich foods...

Lehne's Ch 28: Opioid Analgesics, Opioid Antagonists, and Nonopioid Centrally Acting Analgesics A patient asks the nurse what can be given to alleviate severe, chronic pain of several months' duration. The patient has been taking oxycodone [OxyContin] and states that it is no longer effective. Th...

Nclex Examination Chapter 28: Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics, Opioid Antagonist, and Nonopioid Centrally Acting Analgesics.The nurse recognizes that the primary indication for the administration of morphine is to do what? A. Relieve pain B. Reduce anxiety C. Treat left ventricular failure D....

NCLEX Questions for Analgesics A patient arrives at the emergency department complaining of back pain. He reports taking at least 3 acetaminophen tablets every three hours for the past week without relief. Which of the following symptoms suggests acetaminophen toxicity? A. Tinnitus. B. Diarrhe...

Non Opioid Analgesics Non opioids analgesics include...(5 types) - correct answer -salicylates -acetaminophen -NSAIDs -Drugs used for gout -Drugs used for migraine headaches The physical component of pain is how pain is __________ as nerves send messages to the brain. - correct answer perce...

NR 293 Edapt Analgesic DrugsAnalgesic drugs are medications that relieve ______, but do not cause loss of consciousness. - correct answer Pain Opioids can be classified as mild agonists and strong agonists. __(1)___ agonists include codeine and hydrocodone, and ___(2)___ agonists include fentanyl...

Pharmacology Week 2: Opioid AnalgesicsDefine: Analgesic - correct answer Drug that relieves pain without causing loss of consciousness, opioids are most effective Define: Opioid - correct answer Any drug, natural or synthetic, that has actions similar to those of morphine Define: Opiate - corr...

Pharmacology Week 2: Opioid AnalgesicsDefine: Analgesic - correct answer Drug that relieves pain without causing loss of consciousness, opioids are most effective Define: Opioid - correct answer Any drug, natural or synthetic, that has actions similar to those of morphine Define: Opiate - corr...

Pharmacology - Analgesic Drugs - Opioids Nursing General characteristics of analgesics: - correct answer Pain killers without loosing consciousness. Adjuvant and Opioids Pain - correct answer an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. What...

Chapter 13 -- Principles of PharmacologyA patient experiences profound sedation when an opioid, such as fentanyl, is given together with a benzodiazepine, such as midazolam. This is an example of: - correct answer Synergism. All of the following medications fall in the same classification, EXCEPT...

Analgesics Pharmacology Quiz 1. Select the best match: A. Phenanthrenes B. Phenylpiperidines C. Buprenorphine D. Methadone E. Fentanyl, meperidine F. Morphine, hydromorphone G. Longest duration of action of this group. H. Agonist/antagonist - correct answer A. Phenanthrenes with F. ...